Understanding the Box Call
Anatomy of a Box Call
The box call, despite its simple design, is a masterpiece of sound production, a tool capable of mimicking the intricate vocalizations of a wild turkey. Learning how to use this device effectively starts with understanding its construction and its subtle nuances.
The essential part of the box call is the box itself, the body. This is often crafted from various types of wood, such as cedar, mahogany, walnut, or even synthetics, each imparting a unique tonal characteristic to the sounds it produces. The size and shape of the box influence the overall sound, with larger boxes generally capable of producing louder, deeper tones.
The next crucial component is the lid, often referred to as the striker. This is the part that moves across the top edge of the box, creating the sounds that attract the turkey. The lid is usually made from a different type of wood to create the friction needed for sound.
The surface, the edge of the box, is what the striker scrapes against to make the sound. This is where the friction happens, and this surface plays a huge part in how the calls are shaped.
The sound chamber is the hollow space within the box, which amplifies and shapes the calls. The dimensions and shape of this chamber contribute significantly to the resonance and overall sound quality of the call.
Different Types of Box Calls
Box calls are available in a range of designs and materials. Some calls are built with a one-piece construction, while others have adjustable lid positions or removable strikers.
The type of wood used plays a significant role in the sound produced. Cedar box calls are known for their softer, more realistic tones, making them an excellent choice for beginners. Walnut and mahogany box calls tend to have louder, more resonant sounds, suitable for calling turkeys at a distance. Some hunters prefer synthetic calls due to their resistance to moisture and consistent performance.
The design of the box call also impacts the sound. The thickness of the wood, the angles of the box, and the size of the sound chamber all contribute to the overall performance of the call.
Key Features to Look For
When choosing a box call, several characteristics can impact its effectiveness:
- Sound Quality: The call should produce clear, crisp sounds, accurately mimicking the vocalizations of a turkey.
- Ease of Use: A beginner-friendly box call should be relatively easy to operate, with a comfortable feel in the hand. The lid should move smoothly, and the sound should be consistent.
- Durability: The call should be built to withstand the rigors of the field, including changes in weather. The wood should be of good quality, and the construction should be solid.
Essential Equipment and Preparation
Safety First
Above all else, safety is paramount. Handle your firearm with respect, following all the safety rules. Be aware of your surroundings, identifying and avoiding potentially dangerous areas or situations. Always positively identify your target before shooting.
Equipment Checklist
Beyond the box call, several other items will enhance your hunting experience:
- Box Call: Your primary calling instrument.
- Camouflage Clothing: Full camouflage clothing is necessary to blend into the environment, so the turkeys don’t see you.
- Decoys: Decoys can be beneficial for luring turkeys close.
- Binoculars: To spot distant turkeys, and to scout your hunting area.
- Turkey Hunting License and Tags: Make sure you have the proper license and tags for your specific area.
Preparing Your Box Call
Proper preparation is crucial for optimal performance:
- Conditioning the Striking Surface: The striking surface (the edge of the box) is made from a harder material than the striker. Over time, the striker will wear down the wood. To maintain a consistent sound, you must condition the striking surface. This is usually done by applying chalk to the edge, which creates friction between the lid and the box. This helps produce a consistent sound.
- Maintaining and Cleaning the Call: Keeping your box call clean and properly maintained will extend its life and ensure optimal sound quality. After each use, wipe down the call and the striker to remove any moisture or debris. Store your call in a dry place. If the box call gets wet, allow it to dry thoroughly before using it again.
Mastering the Basic Turkey Calls
There are several turkey calls that you should learn to master before going turkey hunting.
The Yelp
The yelp is the most common turkey call, used by both hens and gobblers. It is a two-note call, typically consisting of a rising and falling note.
- To make a basic yelp, hold the box call in your non-dominant hand. Place the striker on the edge, at a slight angle. Draw the striker across the surface in a smooth, consistent motion. The yelp sound should be clear and relatively high-pitched. Practice maintaining a consistent rhythm and tone.
- Experiment with different variations. A soft yelp is a quieter version, often used when turkeys are close. An excited yelp is a more rapid and urgent series of yelps, designed to pique the interest of a gobbler.
The Cluck
The cluck is a single, short, and percussive note. It’s a close-range call, indicating that the turkey is nearby.
- To make a cluck, strike the box call quickly and sharply. It’s like a short “tuk” sound. The goal is to keep the sound crisp and short.
- Use the cluck to locate turkeys that may be nearby or to announce your presence.
The Purr
The purr is a low, rolling sound, similar to a cat purring. It often conveys contentment and is used to calm turkeys.
- To make a purr, hold the box call loosely and drag the striker back and forth very slowly, producing a quiet, guttural sound.
- Use the purr in conjunction with other calls to create a more realistic sequence or use it to soothe a nervous turkey.
Practice Drills
Mastering these sounds takes time and practice. Here’s how to improve:
- Record yourself calling and listen back to identify areas for improvement.
- Use online audio guides to compare your calls with the sounds of real turkeys.
- Practice regularly, even when you can’t get out to hunt.
Calling Strategies and Techniques
Knowing how to make the sounds is one thing, knowing how to effectively use them in the field is another.
Locating Turkeys
Before you start calling, you must find the turkeys!
- Use the box call for shock gobbling. At dawn, start with a loud series of yelps. This can elicit a response from a gobbler, giving away his location.
- Use your ears. Listen for natural turkey sounds in the field (gobbles, yelps, drumming).
- If you hear a gobble, move closer, but not too close, so you don’t spook the bird.
Setting Up in the Field
Once you locate a turkey, it’s time to set up your calling location.
- Choose a location that offers cover. Look for a spot that provides concealment from the turkey, such as a tree line, a thick bush, or a rock formation.
- Minimize movement. Turkeys have keen eyesight. Be still and avoid any unnecessary movements while calling.
Calling Sequences
The order of your calls is crucial.
- A basic starting sequence is to start with a series of yelps, followed by a few clucks, and then a purr.
- Listen to the turkey’s response. Adjust your calls based on what the turkey sounds like. If the bird is responding, continue using similar calls. If the bird goes silent, change your calls, maybe to more aggressive calling.
- Use a mix of aggressive and passive calling. At times, try more aggressive calling. This is best for luring a gobbler. Other times, use soft, more passive calling. This might encourage a wary bird to approach.
Decoy Placement
Decoys are optional, but they can boost your chances of success.
- Place your decoy a short distance in front of your setup.
- Consider the visibility of your decoy. Be sure it is where a turkey will spot it.
- Experiment with different types of decoys. A hen decoy might be enough to lure in a gobbler, but jake or gobbler decoys might entice a fight.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Not every calling session will yield results.
Turkeys Not Responding
If turkeys aren’t responding, there are several reasons why, including:
- Lack of Turkeys: The most obvious reason is that there simply aren’t any turkeys nearby.
- Time of Day: The birds might be inactive, especially in the middle of the day.
- Pressure: A heavily hunted area can make turkeys wary.
Troubleshooting Strategies
If turkeys aren’t responding, try these techniques:
- Be patient. Sometimes, it takes time for a turkey to respond.
- Change your calls. Vary the calls and rhythms you are using.
- Try a new location. If the birds aren’t responding, consider moving to another area.
Dealing with Henned-Up Toms
This is one of the most common challenges:
- A hen will often lead a gobbler away from your calling area, so it is important to make it sound like there is a different hen. Use cutting calls.
- Be patient, and stick with the hunt.
Dealing with Windy Conditions
Windy weather presents a unique set of challenges:
- The wind can carry your calls away. Call louder and increase the frequency.
- Stay put.
Advanced Techniques and Tips
Beyond the basics, there are advanced tips you can use:
- Using Different Wood Combinations: Some hunters will use different box calls.
- Mastering Cutting Sounds: Cutting can be used to show excitement and is highly effective.
- Practicing with Different Call Types: Use mouth calls and slate calls.
Conclusion
Mastering the box call is a rewarding experience. It’s a skill that combines patience, practice, and an understanding of wild turkey behavior. This guide has provided a solid foundation. Remember to practice, be patient, and most importantly, enjoy the experience.
Remember the key takeaways: Practice the different calls, find the right spot, use your calls and be patient. Now, armed with your knowledge, go out and use your box call. You are ready to start calling wild turkeys.
